Atributos químicos do solo e crescimento vegetal em latossolo vermelho-amarelo sob reflorestamento com paricá em Tailândia, Pará, Brasil.

Abstract

Forestry in the Amazon region appears as promising activity, since the rational management of forests enables the provision of forest resources without the commitment of nature reserves. In the county of Thailand, northeast of Pará, much of the original vegetation has been removed in recent years, and currently these altered areas are being reforested. Through a partnership with the Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, timber companies in the region promote research into the sustainability of the process, aiming to prove the efficiency of the systems and techniques used in reforestation. The objective of this proposal to evaluate the influence of tillage systems on productivity of the Paricá (Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex Ducke)] in forest systems. Therefore, we carried out the chemical characterization of soils altered by timber enterprises undergoing reforestation process with Paricá, and also the assessment of the growth of the culture. The experimental area has three ha belongs to the company GM SUFREDINI INDUSTRIAL LTDA.. The experimental design was completely randomized with three treatments, equivalent to planting systems, S1 [Paricá x Pueraria (Pueraria phaseoloides)], $2 [Paricá x Acacia (Acacia mangium)] and S3 (Paricá single), and three plots, corresponding repetitions. Chemical analyzes of soil were made: pH in water (pH), Total Carbon (C), Total Nitrogen (TN), Potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al) extractables and acidity potential (H+ Al); sampling occurred, collecting four single samples per plot at depths 0-10, 10-20 cm, totaling 24 samples per planting system. To evaluate the development of Paricá was used to measure dendrometric DBH (diameter at breast height 1.30 m). The plants were measured with approximate age of 05 years, being 352 observations per planting system. It was observed higher levels and saturation of exchangeable bases in systems S1 (2,77 cmol, dm³ and 47,86%) and $3 (3,06 cmol, dm³ and 57,53%), suggesting better fertility in relation to the system S2 (1,83 cmol, dm³ and 36,10 %). The system $2 has presented higher exchangeable acidity (0,43 cmol, dm³) and potential acidity (3,47 cmol, dm³), and low nutrient availability. Regarding the diametral growth of the Parica, it was observed a higher average in the system S2 (16,62 cm), however, this system showed a less survival rate (73,86%).