Avaliação da restauração de áreas degradadas pela mineração de bauxita, Paragominas - PA.

Abstract

Aiming to evaluate restored areas from planting seedlings and conduct of natural regeneration after bauxite mining this study was conducted in the areas that make up the Plan for Recovery of Degraded Areas of Mining Paragominas S.A, Paragominas municipality, Pará. Therefore, plots were established for vegetation assessment and collection of soil samples to determine soil fertility, For the analyzes of vegetation floristic composition, phytosociological parameters dendrometric and Shannon index were used. As for soil chemical properties were determined (pH H20), levels of organic carbon (Corg), organic matter (OM), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and aluminum (AJ), base saturation (V%), sum of bases (SB), Cation Exchange Capacity at pH 7.0 (T), aluminum saturation (m%)). The sampled species were identified and classified into life and ecological group. Altogether 3,461 individuals from 35 botanical families, 123 genera and 203 species were sampled, being the most representative families: Fabaceae (92 species), Malvaceae (14) and Bignoniaceae (9). There was a predominance of species with woody and initial successional stage (pioneer and early secondary) in both methods. The restored areas by planting method showed high diversity, and vegetation structure and superior to the method of conducting the Natural Regeneration dendrometric. In relation to the fertility of the soil, areas of driving of NB exhibited relatively better values in relation to the planting attributes to most.