Efeito de fluoretos atmosféricos em muruci (Byrsonima crassifolia [L] Rich.), nos arredores de uma fábrica de alumínio, Barcarena, Pará, Brasil.

Abstract

This study was conducted surroündings the factory of the ALBRAS Aluminum, ín the município of Barcarena-PA. where fluorides have been relased at the atmosphere as results of the extration eletrolitíc of the metalic aiuminum from the solution of alumina with cryoüte. Three years olds trees of Muruci (Byrsonima crassifolia [L.] Rích.) were used as índicators of the efecct of the fluorides on young leaves and mature leaves. The trees are localized ín two environment condítions: next to the Factory, about 200 m of the source of fíuoride emission, in the dírecion of predominant winds of regíon , ín the site Água Verde, about 4 Km of the emission source and oposite to the predominant winds. In the experimental desígn, a randon samples has been used with two treatament and 12 repetition effects on young leaf and mature íeaf. The results showed that muruci plants are very tolerant to the emission of atmosphere fiuoride. Young leaf and mature leaf exposed next to the factory, shows a high fluorine accumulation (3040,00 and 9342,50 ppm, respectivo), with chronic and acute symptoms of exposure the fiuoride, while trees localized in Água Verde the fluorine teors change from 11,21 ppm (mature leaf) to 21,68 ppm (young leaf), without symptoms of exposure the poííutants. Young and mature leaf localízed next of Factory shows a higher mineral contents of P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Zn, and smal! contente of chlorophylf, carbohydrate and soíubíe protein, when compared to leaf of Água Verde region.