Degradabilidade ruminal de leguminosas tropicais e subprodutos da agroindústria.

Abstract

This experiment carried out objective to determine the degradability of the dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and neutral detergent fiber( NDF) contained in the tropical legumes samples and by-products proceeding from agrindustry, by ruminal degradability. The ruminal degradability of the fractions a, b, c and kd were determined by using the in situ incubation in sheeps. For evaluation of the ruminal degradability were used four sheeps, males, whole, with average weight live of 54 kg, were fed a diet containing 60% of elephantgrass, 40% of the legumes Cratylia argentea , and 400 grams/ animal/ day of concentrade, contend 18 % of crude protein , distributed at 8 and 14 hours.For the degradability of the feeds in rumen ,were considered; 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 hours for each group of feeds in the bags of nylon. Three legumes were studied: Cratylia, Flemingia and Stylosanthes,with ages of 55 and 75 days. The effective degradability of the DM, for the passage ratio of 5% an hour, were, in order, 35,55; 28,66 e 35,12% (55 days of 5%/h) and 49,46; 24,71 e 43,46% (75 days at 5%/h), and for the CP, were , in order, 67,40; 46,18 and 74,97% (55 days at 5%/h) and 67,51; 30,39 and 72,56 ( 75 days at 5%/h) and for the NDF, were, in order, 18,03; 11,27 e 26,22% (55 days at 5%/h) and 26,68; 9,78 e 23,79% ( 75 days at 5%/h). The Cratylia presented high value (27,80%) for the fraction a of the DM, the higher value (59,11%) for the fraction b of the NDF and the higher value (28,74%) for the fraction b of the CP and high value (7,23%/h) for the rate kd of DM. The Flemingia macrophylla (Willd.) Merril presented the higher value (67,45%) for the indegradable fraction c of DM; low value (13,33%) for the fraction b of the CP and law value (1,53%/h) for the rate kd and high value (70,58%) for the indegradable fraction c of the NDF, hight value(60,34) for the indegradable fraction c of the CP. The Stylosanthes guyanensis cv Campo Grande (Embrapa) presented the higher value (65,66%) for the fraction a of the CP; high value (51,27%) for the fraction b of DM; high value (58,76%) for the fraction b of the NDF and high value (7,5%/h) for the rate kd. The legumes Cratylia e Stylosanthes studied presented high degradability for the fractions a and b of the CP and for the fraction b of FDN, may recommended for ratio formulation and supply diet and bank of protein, but with restrictions for the legumes Flemingia macrophylla (Willd) Merryl with high values on indegradable fraction c for the DM, CP and NDF. Five by-products were studied: cottonseed meal, babassu meal, palm meal, coconut meal and wet brewer’s residue. The effective degradability for the DM, were, in order, 53,39; 63,39; 50,37; 62,69 and 36,88% ( 5%/h); for the passage ratio of 5% an hour, and for the CP, were, in order, 68,94; 65,94; 81,86; 67,81 and 48,64% (5%/h), and for the NDF, were , in order, 19,92; 38,79; 39,64; 47,21 and 22,71% (5%/h), for the same passage ratio. The cottonseed meal presented hight value “52,53%” for the fraction b of MS and low value (2,84% an hour) for the rate kd. The wet brewer’s residue presented low value (29,04%) for the fraction a of the PB, and high rate (5,23% an hour) for the rate kd. The babassu meal presented high value (51,33%) for the fraction b for the PB and low rate (3,34% an hour) for the rate kd. The palm meal presented high value (31,84%) for the fraction c of the NDF and high value (7,37% an hour) for the rate kd. The coconut meal presented high value (42,81%) for the fraction a of the DM and high value (22,31%) for the fraction c of the NDF. The by products studied presented high values of degradabilityt for the fractions a and b of the CP and for the fraction b of the DM and are recommented for ration formulation of ruminants.