Aplicação do modelo hidrológico swat para a sub-bacia do rio Arapepó (Salinópolis/Pa).

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the feasibility of the hydrological model Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to generate with sufficient accuracy the components of the Arapepó River subbasin hydrological cycle, in the Cuiarana village, located in in the state of Pará, Northern Brazil, from January 2008 to April 2014. Rainfall data provided by the Brazilian National Water Agency (ANA), meteorological data obtained from the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) and from a micrometeorological station located in the village of Cuiarana, as well as geocartographic data which are useful for the characterization and delineation of the Arapepó catchment area, have been used to perform this investigation. The local climate presents a clear seasonality, with a rainy period from January to April, and a dry period from August to November. The SWAT model performance in the present investigation was satisfactory was satisfactory when compared with the results provided by other studies regarding river basins in Brazil. It is noteworthy that this is the second study carried out with SWAT model for a river basin in the Brazilian state of Pará. The SWAT model has presented good assessment scores such as coefficient efficiency (COE) of 0.68, Standard Deviation (Dv) of 18.68, a Coefficient of Residual Mass (CMR) of 0.2 and an average error (ME) of -0.1, for the sub-basin study. The components of the hydrological cycle generated by the model showed that the amount of soil water (SW) is 557.22 mm, with a runoff (Surg) of 87.79 mm and most of the water sub-basin that reached the channel (WYLD) was 142.79 mm with a groundwater flow (GW_Q) of 47.82 mm, a percolation (PERC) of 620.15 mm and an evapotranspiration (Et) of 195,45 mm. Overall, as a matter of conclusion, the SWAT model can be used in mixed catchments, and one time the relevant characteristics of each basin are taken into account, it can properly simulate the components of the hydrological cycle, particularly its flow.