Composição química, rendimento produtivo e viabilidade econômica de queijos oriundos de vacas búfalas suplementadas com dietas contendo subprodutos da Amazônia.

Abstract

The objective was to evaluate the chemical composition, production yield and economic viability of Minas Frescal cheese produced with buffalo milk in two different research that were supplemented with açaí seed to replace cornmeal in the rainy season and palm kernelcake to replace corn and concentrate. Experiments I and II used Murrah cross bred buffalo cows, kept under Panicum Maximum cv. Mombaça managed in intermittent stockingsystem.A 5x5 Latin square design was used. They consisted of five treatments. In experiment I, four treatments were used, composed of concentrated supplements, in which the cornmeal was replaced by the açaí seed at the levels of 0, 33, 66 and 100% substitution. In experiment II,four diets were evaluated using palm kernel cake as a substitute for concentrate at 0, 31.3,62.5, and 93.8%. In both studies, a fifth treatment was used, in which the animals receivedonly supplementation with mineral salt. There was no effect of replacing cornmeal withaçaíseed in a concentrated supplement on the chemical composition of the cheese produced(including moisture, fat, protein, protein / fat ratio, ash, EST, ESD and fat in EST; P>0, 05).In experiment I, the adjusted cheese yield followed a quadratic pattern characterized by a maximum when the substitution level was 33% (P <0.05), thus, the profitability index was the highest in this percentage (P <0, 05). Regarding the use of palm kernel cake, there was no influence of the level of palm kernel inclusion on protein, recovered protein, ashes, fat, ESD,GEST and the percentage of fat and milk protein recovery in cheese (P> 0, 05). Only thetotaldry extract (EST) content and moisture were affected. In experiment II, a quadratic effect (P<0.05) of commercial income and individual economic income was observed. The commercial yield expressed in kg of cheese / animal / day showed higher production in the treatment without the inclusion of palm oil pie to the supplement (P> 0.05). In conclusion, there placement of cornmeal by açaí seed at the level of 33% in the supplement of buffaloesunder grazing regime improved the individual productivity of Minas Frescal cheese without changing its chemical composition. All diets were economically viable, but the diet containing cornmeal replaced by 33% açaí seed was the best. The use of palm kernel cake in substitute for concentrate increases the yield of my fresh cheese, being an alternative for intensifying production.