Estudos sistemáticos em Cyclolejeunea A. Evans.

Abstract

Cyclolejeunea A.Evans is a Neotropical genus, considered complex within Lejeuneaceae due to its great morphological variation. Throughout its history, it accumulated 36 species. After synonyms and recombination, 11 species remained, of which six are well known (C. accidens, C. chitonia, C. convexistipa, C. foliorum, C. luteola and C. peruviana). The further species are only known by the original description. The aim of this dissertation was to carry out a taxonomic review of the genus Cyclolejeunea for delimiting the genus and circumscribing its species, as well as to test the phylogenetic support of the species and to understand their relationships within the genus. An identification key, description, illustration, taxonomic comments and geographical distribution will be presented for all taxa. The species from the herbaria ALCB, G, GOET, HBRA, INPA, JE, MG, S, SP, UB, and UFP, including types, were analyzed for the taxonomic study. In addition to the material extracted from the studied specimens for DNA analysis, additional sequences of Cyclolejeunea and for the external group (Prionolejeunea) were obtained from GenBank, of the regions nrITS (nuclear) and trnL-F (chloroplasts). With the obtained sequences were calculated the Parsimony Analysis with statistical support (Bootstrap) and Bayesian Analysis. The genus Cyclolejeunea is recognized with eight species, two of which are new to science. Five new synonyms are proposed. Among the Lejeuneaceae, Cyclolejeunea is characterized by the production of specialized gemmae, suprabasal ocelli, and perianth with two lateral keels, generally with a pycnolejeuneoid innovation. Among the species, the main diagnostic features are the underleaf shape, presence of ocelli (absent in two species), type of gemmae, and the distal margin of the lobule. Molecular analysis confirmed the genus as monophyletic and supports the recognized species in the taxonomic revision, including the proposed new species.