Diagnóstico ambiental da sub-bacia hidrográfica do Rio Apeú através de fatores geoambientais e climáticos.

Abstract

The present work had as objective to analyze the use and occupation of the soil, the morphometry, the precipitation and environmental vulnerability in the hydrographic sub-basin of the Apeú River athwart geotechnologies. The work was developed in the hydrographic sub-basin of the Apeú River which is located in the northeast region of Pará. Free software QGIS (for the PDI, preparation of thematic maps) and RStudio were used for extracting precipitation data. Through morphometry, SBHRA has a rectangular shape and elongated, giving the sub-basin low susceptibility to occurrences of floods. While the result of use and occupation showed that 55.25% of SBHRA is composed of dense vegetation and secondary followed by 27.04% represented by pasture and crops and 16.93% exposed soil. The analysis integration of the geoenvironmental variables analyzed, allowed the elaboration of the vulnerability map SBHRA's environmental policy. Allowing to observe that, SBHRA is with higher degrees of low and very low vulnerabilities (65.27%). However, it is clear through the cartographic representation of the vulnerability, a marked distribution of fragments of average vulnerability (22.47%), mainly correlated to the classes of undergrowth distributed almost always close to the vegetation areas followed by the distribution of high vulnerability (11.26%), correlated with the areas anthropic. So, it is concluded that studies related to environmental vulnerability favor decisions regarding the conservation and sustainability of natural resources taking into account the support capacity of each variable within the ecosystem, mainly related to the specific characteristics of each natural environment.