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Orchidaceae in a fragment of restinga on the north coast of Bahia, Brazil

Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Orchidaceae in a fragment of restinga on the north coast of Bahia, Brazil Autor(es): BARBERENA, Felipe Fajardo Villela Antolin; SOUSA, Tainan da Silva; ROQUE, Nádia Abstract: A Área de Proteção Ambiental das Lagoas e Dunas do Abaeté (APA Abaeté) constitui um fragmento urbano de restinga no município de Salvador, estado da Bahia, Brasil. A área sofre com o descarte irregular de resíduos sólidos, a retirada clandestina de areia das dunas, a supressão e fragmentação da cobertura vegetacional original e o crescimento urbano dos bairros circundantes. Um estudo florístico recente revelou novos registros de espécies de orquídeas para esta Unidade de Conservação, mas destacou que a flora orquidológica está fortemente ameaçada. Neste contexto, foi realizado um estudo taxonômico das orquídeas da APA Abaeté, com o objetivo de facilitar o reconhecimento das espécies em campo e apoiar o estabelecimento de ações de conservação locais mais eficazes para as orquídeas, que devem abranger a dispersão manual de sementes e a realocação de indivíduos. Orchidaceae é a sexta família mais representativa na APA Abaeté, com 15 gêneros e 19 espécies, incluindo Encyclia dichroma e Koellensteinia florida, espécies endêmicas da Mata Atlântica. As características morfológicas mais relevantes na identificação das espécies da área são: tipos de crescimento; volubilidade e espessamento do cauloma; forma e consistência das lâminas foliares; tipo e posição da inflorescência; cor e ressupinação das flores.

What are the species of phorophytes of Vanilla palmarum (Orchidaceae) in Brazil? An assessment of emblematic specificity with palm tree species.

Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Título: What are the species of phorophytes of Vanilla palmarum (Orchidaceae) in Brazil? An assessment of emblematic specificity with palm tree species. Autor(es): BARBERENA, Felipe Fajardo Villela Antolin; SOUSA, Tainan da Silva Abstract: Vanilla palmarum is an obligately epiphytic orchid distributed widely throughout South America with emblematic specificity for species of palms. This epiphyte-phorophyte association was examined through the analysis of specimens available via the database of Centro de Referência em Informação Ambiental and from Brazilian herbaria. We recognized nine species as hosts of V. palmarum in Brazil: Acrocomia aculeata, Attalea phalerata, Attalea speciosa, Elaeis guineensis, Mauritia flexuosa, Syagrus cearensis, S. coronata, S. schizophylla, and S. vagans. The most important phorophytes of V. palmarum were found to be A. speciosa (Cerrado), A. phalerata (Pantanal), M. flexuosa (Amazon Forest) and S. coronata (Caatinga). Future management actions must consider the association between V. palmarum and its phorophyte palm species in order to ensure the protection of this ecological interaction.

Distribución espacial de Vanilla bahiana (Orchidaceae) en dos fitofisonomías de restinga. ¿El patrón espacial varía?

Thu, 08 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Distribución espacial de Vanilla bahiana (Orchidaceae) en dos fitofisonomías de restinga. ¿El patrón espacial varía? Autor(es): BARBERENA, Felipe Fajardo Villela Antolin; HERMOSO, Estíbaliz López Abstract: Spatial diStribution of Vanilla bahiana (orchidaceae) in two reStinga phytophySiognomieS. doeS the Spatial pattern vary?— Vanilla bahiana is an orchid restricted to Brazil, extremely ornamental, threatened with extinction and with economic potential. We evaluated the spatial distribution pattern of V. bahiana in shrub and restinga forest formations in a conservation unit in Northeast Brazil. The Morisita’s index of dispersion, the Morisita’s standardized index of dispersion and the TTLQV method were used, and 1920 m2 were sampled, through the demarcation of six transects of 40 × 4 m per phytophysionomy. Each transect was subdivided into 10 plots of 4 × 4 m. In the shrub formation, we observed 49 individuals of V. bahiana and a greater abundance at the edges of the transects (plots 1 and 2). In the rest- inga forest, we recognized 47 individuals of V. bahiana and a distribution more homogeneous way along the transects. We found an aggregate pattern for the species in the shrub formation and a random pattern in the restinga forest. The different patterns could be explained by differences in luminosity, but they could also be associated with the dispersal of seeds or the presence of fungi of different species. Future studies with spatial distribution in Orchidaceae should be multidisciplinary in order to investigate the main causes of the patterns on local scales. Specifically, understanding the relationships between Vanilla species and mycorrhizal fungi may have positive impacts on the cultivation and commer- cialization of vanilla.

Subtribe laeliinae (Orchidaceae) in a large and mature remnant of Brazilian Atlantic Forest.

Thu, 08 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Subtribe laeliinae (Orchidaceae) in a large and mature remnant of Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Autor(es): BARBERENA, Felipe Fajardo Villela Antolin; BAUMGRATZ, José Fernando Andrade Abstract: Orchidaceae is a megadiverse botanical family in Brazil, particularly in the Atlantic Forest where it is a priority group for conservation. Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (PARNA Itatiaia) was the first conservation unit established in Brazil, and represents a large and mature remnant of Atlantic Forest. Updated data on richness, distribution and conservation of the Neotropical and ornamental subtribe Laeliinae in the park recently disclosed the occurrence of presumed locally extinct species, but without a taxonomic approach. Thus, we present a comprehensive taxonomic treatment of Laeliinae in the PARNA Itatiaia. The subtribe is represented by six genera and 33 species, which corresponds to about 15% of the orchid flora of PARNA Itatiaia. Epidendrum is the richest genus, with 20 species, followed by Cattleya (6 spp.) and Prosthechea (4 spp.). Species of Laeliinae grow in shady and humid habitats, especially near rivers, at elevations ranging 750-1,200 m, with species richness decreasing with elevation. Several species form small populations (commonly < 10 individuals), which are in need of prompt conservation actions to avoid local extinction. Samples of Laeliinae from PARNA Itatiaia in collections of consulted herbaria were found to be scarce. Variable morphological characteristics, mainly of the lip, distinguishe species of Laeliinae. Key words: Conservation Unit, floristic, orchids, Parque Nacional do Itatiaia.