https://repositorio.ufra.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/1983 Tue, 14 Apr 2026 21:39:54 GMT 2026-04-14T21:39:54Z https://repositorio.ufra.edu.br/jspui/handle/riufra/2853 Título: Revisão taxonômica das espécies de Tabernaemontana L. (Apocynaceae) da Amazônia brasileira, Brasil. Autor(es): FERNANDES, Géssica Elaine Azevedo Abstract: The Apocynaceae family stands out as one of the most representative within the angiosperm group, comprising approximately 378 genera and 5,350 species. In the Brazilian context, this family is distributed across 96 genera and 977 species, encompassing all biomes present in the country. Among the five subfamilies that constitute the Apocynaceae family, only three are present in Brazil, namely Rauvolfioideae, Apocynoideae, and Asclepiadoideae. The subfamily Rauvolfioideae consists of 12 tribes, with the Tabernaemontaneae tribe standing out as one of the most diversified. Within this tribe, the genus Tabernaemontana, inserted into the Tabernaemontanenae subtribe, emerges as one of the most diversified, comprising over 120 species. Among these, 46 occur in the neotropics, with 30 recorded in Brazil, and of these, 25 in the Brazilian Amazon region. The taxonomy of the Tabernaemontana genus reveals a complex and extensive history marked by significant changes in its circumscription and species recognition, especially in the Amazonian regions where nomenclature and taxonomy were less explored. Recent phylogenetic studies have recognized the genus as monophyletic, including the neotropical genus Stemmadenia. However, the infrageneric circumscription remained ambiguous, demonstrating monophyly only in the Peschiera and Rejoua sections, while other sections exhibited paraphyly. Despite the abundance of Amazonian species, some were not included in the previous phylogeny. The last taxonomic revision of the genus, conducted in the 1990s, proposed seven sections based exclusively on morphological characters. Among these, only two (Bonafousia and Peschiera) have representatives in Brazil, which were the focus of the present study. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic approach to Tabernaemontana in the Brazilian context, with an emphasis on species occurring in the Amazon, as well as a nomenclatural revision of the discussed species. To achieve this, a comprehensive taxonomic treatment was developed, including detailed descriptions, identification keys, maps of geographic distribution and diversity, as well as considerations on phenology and conservation status. Samples of the genus were analyzed in the IAN, INPA, MG, UFACPZ, RON herbaria in person, while others were requested on loan or analyzed online through digitized images available in foreign and national herbaria databases. Over 4,000 specimens were analyzed in person, resulting in the development of three thesis chapters, encompassing the treatment of 207 names, of which 25 were accepted, 18 lectotypifications, two neotypifications, one epitypification, the proposition of a new name, the reinstatement of a species, and the description of a new species for science. Sun, 31 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufra.edu.br/jspui/handle/riufra/2853 2025-08-31T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufra.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2644 Título: Sistemática de Rhynchospora seç. Pauciflorae Kük. (Cyperaceae). Autor(es): ALVES, Karina de Nazaré Lima Abstract: Rhynchospora Vahl (Cyperaceae) has approximately 400 known species, is a highly diverse genus in the Americas, particularly in the Neotropics, and has significant levels of endemism in tropical and subtropical savannas. It is also the richest genus of Cyperaceae in Brazil, with species occurring in all states and phytogeographic domains. The genus was revised and divided by Kükenthal into two subgenera and 28 sections, which have since been revisited by other researchers. Rhynchospora sect. Pauciflorae has never been revised since its establishment by Kükenthal in 1949. It is part of an informal group created by the author, "Pars Capitatae," which also includes R. sect. Pluriflorae. Researchers who have revised R. sect. Pluriflorae have emphasized the importance of taxonomic and systematic studies in R. sect. Pauciflorae to test the monophyly of the section and better understand its relationship with its sister section, as the two share traits used in its circumscriptions sensu Kükenthal. Rhynchospora sect. Pauciflorae had 20 species, 13 from the subsect. Plumososetosae, occurring in the Neotropics, Australia and Asia, and 7 from the subsect. Scabrosetosae, restricted to Asia and Australia. The objective of this project was to conduct taxonomic, and morphological, studies on Rhynchospora sect. Pauciflorae (Cyperaceae) to elucidate biodiversity, and refine the circumscription of the taxa studied. Field expeditions were conducted to collect botanical material, along with in-person consultations of herbarium collections in Brazil and the United States, as well as databases and images from international herbaria. The taxonomic treatment was carried out through consultation of original works and nomenclatural types. We are proposing 24 first-step lectotypifications, and 2 second-step lectotypifications. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of the external micromorphology of the fruits were taken. More than 2,500 specimens were analyzed, with 16 species of R. sect. Pauciflorae treated for the Neotropics, three of which were described during this revision. This study presents chapters describing a new species of R. sect. Pluriflorae, a chapter with 17 lectotypifications in R. sect. Pauciflorae, descriptions of two new species in sect. Pauciflorae, and a taxonomic revision of Neotropical R. sect. Pauciflorae, in this chapter first-step lectotypifications were made for Rhynchospora barbata (Vahl) Kunth, R. trichochaeta C.B. Clarke, and a second-step lectotypification for R. subplumosa C.B. Clarke, as well as for section Pauciflorae and subsections Scabrosetosae and Plumososetosae. Additionally, Rhynchospora unisetosa T. Koyama is proposed as a new synonym for R. hirta (Nees) Boeckeler, and Rhynchospora denticulata Huber is being reinstated as an accepted species. Descrição: Foi disponibilizado apenas os metadados desse trabalho, pois o mesmo está em embargo por conta dos artigos científicos serem publicadas em revista científica de acesso fechado (pago). Fri, 30 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufra.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2644 2025-05-30T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufra.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2550 Título: Revisão de Notylia Lind. (Oncidiinae: Orchidaceae) no Brasil: aspectos taxonômicos e fitoquímicos. Autor(es): OLIVEIRA, Miguel Sena de Abstract: Notylia Lindley is a Neotropical genus of orchids comprising 45 accepted species. Its reduced flowers and certain morphological homogeneity have led to numerous misidentifications in herbaria and the erroneous description of several taxa. Additionally, some names required nomenclatural adjustments, such as synonymization or designation of nomenclatural types. Moreover, although it is known that Notylia is a genus with fragrant flowers that attract male Euglossini bees, little is known about the chemical composition of the floral perfumes of its species. Until now, there has not been a single complete record of the volatile compounds present in the perfume of any species within the genus. The aim of this research was to conduct a taxonomic, nomenclatural, and phytochemical study of the species in the genus Notylia. Chapter I presents a nomenclator with all published names for Notylia. A total of 109 names were reviewed, resulting in the designation of 31 lectotypes and 20 neotypes. Chapter II elucidates the N. platyglossa complex and related species. The synonymization of N. peruviana and N. morenoi under N. platyglossa was proposed. Lectotypes for N. peruviana and N. morenoi and neotypes for N. platyglossa and N. boliviensis were designated. Additionally, N. boliviensis was distinguished from N. platyglossa, and the first record of this species for Brazil was validated. Chapter III provides the first complete chemical composition analysis of the species N. fragrans and N. microchila. A total of 82 compounds were identified, revealing significant differences in compound abundance between the species. While N. fragrans is characterized by eugenol as the major compound, N. microchila exhibits high concentrations of (E)-β-Farnesene. Chapter IV presents a taxonomic revision of the genus Notylia for Brazil. A total of 33 binomials were evaluated, of which 13 are recognized as species, including two endemics to the country. Notylia tenuis was reinstated at the species level, and Notylia fragrans was confirmed as an accepted name. Additionally, the conservation status of the endemic species was assessed. This study of the genus Notylia in Brazil has led to a better understanding of species circumscriptions, clarified the true species richness in Brazil, and provided updated delimitations and distributions. It is expected that this study will provide a foundation for future cytogenetic, biogeographical, and phylogenetic research on the genus. Descrição: A tese encontra-se publicada em Revistas internacionais de acesso pago. Wed, 19 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufra.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2550 2025-02-19T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufra.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2477 Título: Plantas medicinais na saúde da mulher em comunidades quilombolas no Brasil: diversidade, uso e conservação. Autor(es): FONSECA, Dyana Joy dos Santos Abstract: We sought to identify and understand the traditional practices of medicinal plant use in women's health care in an Afro-descendant context and to investigate traditional practices in a quilombola community in the municipality of Abaetetuba, state of Pará, as well as contribute to the documentation, valorization, and conservation of Amazonian biodiversity. Two manuscripts were prepared. Chapter I, “Literature review on the knowledge of the use of medicinal plants in the health care of Brazilian quilombola women”, presents the theoretical framework of the study. The review consulted secondary data available from 24 articles published between 2000 and 2021 that directly addressed traditional knowledge in quilombola communities. A database was then constructed containing information on 117 medicinal species used for women's health in 40 quilombola communities established in the Caatinga (49 species), Atlantic Forest (44), Cerrado (29), and Amazonian (26) phytophysiognomies. Chapter II, “Medicinal plants used in women's health care in a quilombola community in the eastern Amazon”, reports on interviews with 100 residents concerning their botanical knowledge, as well as the collection of botanical material from the farms and forests of Ramal Piratuba, in Abaetetuba. Generalized Linear Models (using R software) to analyze variations in the ethnobotanical knowledge of those residents as a function of the variables age, gender, and education. The “EthnobotanyR” package was used to evaluate the following ethnobotanical indices: Usage Reports (URs); Number of Uses (NUs); Citation Frequency Index (CFs); Cultural Importance Index (CIs); and Fidelity Level (FL). Additionally, medicinal species were analyzed in terms of their origins, conservation statuses, and Conservation Priority Indices. One hundred and fifteen plant species were cited by the interviewees to treat 98 health problems, including genital care and additional comprehensive symptoms such as infections and pain. Medicinal plants are associated with various women's health treatments, and additional research focusing on the ethno-pharmacological uses of these plants would contribute to the documentation of traditional practices as well as provide pharmacological evidence for their effectiveness and toxicological safety. Thu, 05 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufra.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2477 2024-12-05T00:00:00Z