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Distribuição espacial e temporal da comunidade de Rotifera na Usina Hidrelétrica de Tucuruí-PA, Brasil.

2026-03-10T19:10:48Z

Título: Distribuição espacial e temporal da comunidade de Rotifera na Usina Hidrelétrica de Tucuruí-PA, Brasil. Autor(es): BEZERRA, Márcia Francineli da Cunha Abstract: The objective of this thesis was to study the spatial and temporal variability of the rotifer community at the Tucuruí Hydroelectric Plant in Pará State and the state of the art of rotifer biodiversity in Brazilian reservoirs. To study spatial and temporal variation, 560 1 of water were filtered through a plankton net (60 pm), taken from strata 1 (surface) and 2 (eight meters), using a motor pump, at twelve points distributed upstream (Zone Near the Dam-ZPB and Transition Zone-ZTR) and downstream (Downstream Zone) of the reservoir during periods of highest (Dec/11 and Mar/12) and lowest (Sep/11, Jul/12, and Sep/12) rainfall. In the first period, interannual and four-monthly collections were carried out using a plankton net (60 pm) on the surface of the water column, at a total of 10 sampling points located in the limnetic zone. In the second period, interannual and quarterly collections were made at different strata of the water column (surface-El and eight meters deep-E2). The families Brachionidae, Lecanidae, and Trichocercidae were the most representative in terms of frequency and abundance in both periods. The species Keratella americana and Rataria sp. were considered the most abundant species, mainly in the Zone Near the Dam (ZPB) and in the Transition Zone (ZTR), respectively, with a distribution pattern probably most affected by rainfall. Seasonal variations were observed in the abundance of species, with K americana and Rataria sp. showing higher values in the less rainy period and lower values in the rainiest period, while others occurred only in one of the periods. However, the correlation between the abundance of rotifer species and limnological variables during the rainiest period was not significant, but it was in the rainiest period. The high values of the canonical axes (abundance of rotifer species vs. limnological variables) were influenced by transparency, conductivity, and DO in El, and by DO and pH in E2. The highest diversity values were found in ZPB during the rainiest period (Mar/12) and in ZTR during the least rainy period (Sep/12). Equity between depths and between zones suggests lower variability in species abundance and greater richness. The composition, abundance, and specific diversity of the rotifer community at the Tucuruí Hydroelectric Plant may be affected by morphometric and limnological variations at the collection site and by rainfall. For the State of the Art, bibliographic surveys and indexed articles on the biodiversity of planktonic rotifers were conducted. in Brazilian reservoirs. Most studies focus mainly on the following topics: horizontal distribution, composition, and richness, followed by vertical distribution, density, seasonal and temporal aspects, relative abundance, diversity, and equity. Most reservoirs are located in the Southeast region, which has the greatest richness, counting the total number of species (including those repeated in different articles), and in the Northeast, which has the fewest reservoirs and the least richness. The Midwest region had the greatest richness and the Northeast the least (only species and subspecies not repeated). It is clear, therefore, that there is an increasing effort by authors in the Southeast and Central-West regions to identify species at the lowest possible taxonomic level. The species Keratella americana and Conochilus unicornis were the most common in all Brazilian regions, followed by K. lenzi, Polyarthra vulgaris, Brachionus falcatus, and Filinia longiseta, which are considered cosmopolitan. Therefore, the species of the rotifer community are distributed heterogeneously and show considerable differences in their vertical and horizontal distribution in the environment of the Tucuruí HPP reservoir, and may be affected by the morphometric and limnological variations of the collection site and by rainfall. Therefore, rotifers are widely distributed throughout Brazil, due to their ability to inhabit various waterways and disperse themselves through resistant eggs attached to different organisms or vessels.; The rotifer community from the hydroelectric power plant 's reservoir of Tucuruí, Northern Brazil was studied as the rotifer community composition and the answer to it in relation to spatial and temporal variations in the region, correlating them with phytoplankton. The rotiferan and the phytoplankton communities were sampled on the surface with plankton nets (60 and 20 (rm respectively) in ten locations distributed upstream and downstream of the UHE and during both rainy and dry seasons. In relation to the frequency, 29 rotifer and 19 phytoplankton taxa were considered very frequent, from which the rotifers Keratella americana, K. cochlearis and Rataria sp., and the microalgae Eudorina elegans, Micrasterias radiata and Microcystis aeruginosa were the dominant species. The ecological indexes estimated here showed no significant spatial and temporal variations, suggesting that the rotifer community is possibly resilient to seasonal disturbances, since mosttaxa sampled are uniformly distributed in the area.; The present study performed a literature review of indexed papers to reveal the state of current knowledge about the biodiversity of planktonic rotifers. Most of the papers broach the foliowing themes: primarily horizontal distribution, composition and abundance; secondary vertical distribution, density, weather and seasonal aspects, relative abundance, diversity, and equitableness. The majority of dams are in the Southeast, which presents the most abundance in relation to the total number ofspecies (including the species repeatedly mentioned in various papers) and in the Northeast of Brazil, which has fewer dams and less abundance. When I considered only once each species and subspecies repeated in the papers, the Center-West presented the highest abundance rate, and the Northeast the lowest. Therefore, scholars in the Southeast and the Center-West have been presenting increasing efforts to identify rotifers in the lowest possible taxonomical levei, where as researchers in the Northeast has tended to identify rotifers as morfospecies and by the levei of class, such as Bdelloidea. The family Brachionidae is broadly distributed and has noteworthy numbers in Brazilian dams. Keratella americana and Conochilus unicornis are the most common species in ali Brazilian regions, then come K. lenzi, Polyarthra vulgaris, Brachionus falcatus and Filinia longiseta, which are considered cosmopolitan. Henceforth, this thesis defends that planktonic rotifers are broadly distributed in Brazilian regions because they are able to inhabit various waterways and to spread through resistant eggs attached to numerous organisms and boats.; With the objective to the knowledge of the rotifer community structure, were filtered 560 liters ofwater in a plankton net (60 pm), taken ffom the stratum 1 (surface) and 2 (eight meters), through a pump in twelve points distributed in four areas (Zone Next Dam-ZPB and Transition-ZTR Zone) and downstream (Zone downstream), the Tucuruí Hydroelectric Plant, during periods of greater (Dec/11 and Mar/12) and lower simple (set/11, jul/12 and Sep/12). Brachionidae, Lecanidae and Trichocercidae were the most representative families in terms of abundance. Among the 84 species recorded, the K. americana and Rataria sp. were the most abundant, with a distribution pattem, most likely affected by rainfall. We identified 23 subspecies, a first in the fíeld of taxonomy of Brazilian rotifers, especially the Brachionus mirus angustus, endemic in the North. However, 12 species were dominant, independent of the areas and strata K. american and Rataria sp. were the most abundant, with a distribution pattem, probably more affected by seasonal pluviosidade. Variations were observed between the abundance of species, these K. american and Rataria sp. showed the highest values in the less rainy season and lower in rainier and other occurred on only one ofthe periods. However, the correlation between the abundances ofspecies ofrotifers and limnological variables, during the rainy season, was not sigmficant, but it was in the dry season. The high values of the canonical axes (abundance of rotifer species vs limnological variables) were influenced by transparency, conductivity and OD in El, and the OD and pH in E2. The highest values of diversity were presented at NDZ, in the rainy season (Mar/12) and TRZ for at least rainy (Sep/12). The greater evenness suggests a lower variability in species abundance and richness, between depths and areas. The results suggest that the morphometric variations, limnological and rainfall influence the composition, abundance and species diversity of the community of rotifers in the Hydroelectric of Tucuruí. The species of rotifer community are distributed heterogeneously and show considerable variation in their vertical and horizontal distribution, but suggesting thatthey are well adapted spatio-temporally, the reservoir of Tucuruí environment.

O Caranguejo-Uçá (Ucides cordatus) (Crustacea, Brachyura, Ucididae), no litoral paraense: uma abordagem sobre a atividade extrativa.

2026-03-09T19:21:06Z

Título: O Caranguejo-Uçá (Ucides cordatus) (Crustacea, Brachyura, Ucididae), no litoral paraense: uma abordagem sobre a atividade extrativa. Autor(es): SILVA, Mauro Marcio Tavares da Abstract: This paper initially provides information about the extraction potential of productive mangroves in the municipalities of Quatipuru and Bragança, as well as the socioeconomic characterization of the extractive professionals (crabbers) of this resource. Parallel to the information generated in the mangroves and communities interviewed in Quatipuru and Bragança, this study also seeks to contextualize the extractive activity of the mangrove crabuçá around the Pará coast, through information obtained by the collection and analysis of data in different mangrove municipalities of Pará's coast, characterizing the productive activity of this important resource extraction communities. The information collection occurred in the period between 2010-2012, where the extractive potential was examined, in the mangroves of Bragança and Quatipuru confirming these locations as potentially producing regions, with a density of 5.01 + 1.09 ind/mº? in the Quatipuru magrove and 6.5 + 1.0 ind/m2 in the Bragança mangrove with an immediate extraction potential (IEP) of 80.91 % in Quatipuru and 86.23 % in Bragança. Concerning extractive activity in the major communities in the municipalities of Quatipuru and Bragança, the profile of crabbers was characterized by male dominated, low education, with at least 16 years of activity for most in Quatipuru and more than 20 years for most of the interviewed in the communities of Bragança. The primary capture technique used is the "braceamento" with the aid of hook in both locations, where they capture on average 51-100 units / day in Quatipuru and 101-150 in Braganca, where the middleman is the main destination of the product for the sites investigated. The data obtained from the Pará coastal reveal that out of all the mangroves studied, the municipality of Viseu was highlighted as an important forest region of Pará, with a density of 4.23 + 1.40 ind/m2, CPUE 46.6 (crabs / man / hour) and 226.8 + 113.1 units captured by crabber/day, however , it is important to notice that this municipality had the lowest average price per crab (R$0.18 + 0,05) among all communities of the municipalities visited. The importance of this resource for the communities in the coastal Pará is clear and requires regulatory actions that support exploration with sustainability, as well as encouraging these professionals of artisanal fisheries through actions of to recover their citizenship.

Mapeamento dos laboratórios de alevinos do estado do Rio Grande do Sul e desenvolvimento de marcadores moleculares para jundiá (Rhamdia sp.).

2025-08-18T19:05:47Z

Título: Mapeamento dos laboratórios de alevinos do estado do Rio Grande do Sul e desenvolvimento de marcadores moleculares para jundiá (Rhamdia sp.). Autor(es): RODRIGUES, Marília Danyelle Nunes Abstract: Agribusiness is fundamental for the Brazilian economy and the southern region of the country has steadily been increasing in fish farming scenario. However Rio Grande do Sul (RS) does not have a survey of production data (production units fingerlings, availability and demand for fingerlings, technical assistance to producers, cultivation conditions, number and origin of the breeding of the main species of fish produced state). However, the catfish (Ramdia quelen) has been considered as promising species for production in southern Brazil, not only the productivity advantages, but also by research and experiments. A species recently adopted by the researchers, there is little information available in genetics for this species of fish. This study is based on two axes, first map producers and collect information about the production of RS and subsequently develop molecular markers for native species with the highest potential for production, catfish. At first a questionnaire consisting of open questions and closed questions of the type was developed. The questionnaire was proposed to sixteen producers of fingerlings of RS between the months of September 2011 and February 2012. The analysis shows that silver catfish fingerlings and grass carp (Ctenopharigodon idella) are the most produced by mills of visits fingerlings. It was evident also that the production of fingerlings is an important link in the production chain of fish farming in the state of RS, generating income and employment. It was found that many enterprises had failures in the management and employees in the management of water quality and reproduction, which reinforces the implementation of collaborative efforts between manufacturers, research institutions, extension and promotion, in order to disseminate among producers the importance of monitoring and control of water quality parameters; develop breeding programs, planning and management technologies that seek to reduce production costs and consider the local situation of the enterprises. In a second moment, a shotgun paired-end library was prepared from genomic DNA of catfish. The sequencing was carried out on a library HiSeq sequencer (Illumina) with paired-end reads of 100 base pairs and grouped with other species. From a single race five million readings obtained were analyzed with the program PAL_FINDER_v0.02.03. Each of the primers had loci embedding sequence M13 and a group of twelve loci and was chosen for further amplified microsatellite fragments obtained. Of all readings obtained, 6.331 microsatellite loci potentially amplifiable (PALs) were found, of which 4.755 were dinucleotide, 728 trinucleotide, 729 tetranucleotide, 117 pentanucleotídeo and 2 were hexanucleotídeo. The twelve microsatellite loci selected for amplification were sequenced. The knowledge developed microsatellite was through sequencing by the Sanger method, with fragments between 140 and 200bp. However, only six loci had satisfactory results and displayed polymorphism. However, we can define the shotgun paired-end HiSeq platform (Illumina) sequencing strategy through effective library is presented, as well as being quick and inexpensive to develop microsatellite markers for species not model like the catfish.

Protocolo de exercício físico de curta duração na redução de riscos cardiovasculares em adolescentes

2025-07-21T14:57:22Z

Título: Protocolo de exercício físico de curta duração na redução de riscos cardiovasculares em adolescentes Autor(es): BATISTA, Mikael Henrique de Jesus Abstract: The practice of physical activity in school is an important strategy to promote cardiovascular health in adolescents. Studies indicate that regular physical activity improves cardiorespiratory fitness and reduces cardiovascular risk factors in this population. Therefore, it is essential to encourage physical activity among adolescents, especially in school. Objective: To analyze the effect of a physical training protocol on cardiovascular risk factors among high school adolescents. Methods: This is a quantitative, experimental, prospective intervention study with an epidemiological approach. It was conducted at IFTO/Campus Colinas do Tocantins with 48 adolescents between 15 and 18 years old, divided into group 1, which did not participate in the intervention, and group 2, which underwent the intervention, consisting of 5 stages: 1st Socioclinical Data and Anthropometric Measurements Collection, 2nd Cardiac Signal Processing and Analysis, 3rd Blood Collection and Biochemical Analyses, 4th Léger Shuttle Run Test (20m), and 5th Intervention. Except for socioclinical data, all other stages were performed before and after the intervention. Results: A significant improvement was observed in group 2, which underwent the intervention with the application of a physical training protocol before extracurricular physical activity, presenting an improvement of 11.1% in adolescents with regular cardiorespiratory fitness compared to 6.7% in group 1, which participated in physical education classes. It should be noted that after physical education classes, it was possible to observe that the highest mean BMI and body fat were still associated with inadequate cardiorespiratory fitness (p=0.016, p=0.164), which did not occur in group 2, demonstrating positive effects of the intervention on the cardiorespiratory fitness of adolescents. In group 1, physical education classes showed an effect on the cardiovascular risk factor related to the percentage of body fat, with a reduction in the median of (-23.85mm) (p=<0.001). Conclusion: The intervention demonstrated efficacy in significantly improving cardiorespiratory fitness, and the moderate correlation between HRV and VO2max demonstrates the benefits of the intervention for improving autonomic nervous system adaptation and enhancing the cardiorespiratory capacity of this population